Bhubaneswar, 1st Nov 2025: The state has a significant population of indigenous cows and buffaloes. Particularly, the rare Mayurbhanj buffaloes and Binjharpuri cows from Yajapur and surrounding areas are known for the high-quality milk and curd they produce. Earlier, people preferred Jersey or Holstein hybrid cows over indigenous breeds. However, times are changing, and plans have been initiated to attract people toward indigenous breeds.
The government, along with experts, is taking measures to increase their numbers and conserve these breeds. Special focus is on Binjharpuri, Khariar, Ghumusari, and Motu cows. Farmers are now being provided with semen (artificial insemination) of these indigenous breeds to aid in breeding and population growth. Not just cows, even the rare Chilika buffalo will be promoted. Soon, Binjharpuri cow milk and ghee, along with Chilika buffalo curd, will be available in the market, according to the Animal Resources Department.
Under the state’s “Kamadhenu Yojana”, steps are being taken to conserve indigenous cows on a large scale. The program for 2024–25 covers Binjharpuri, Ghumusari, Motu, and Khariar cows. Experts are collaborating with the government to ensure breed improvement and conservation.
Recognition and Research:
Chilika and Manda buffaloes have received national recognition from the National Bureau of Animal Genetic Resources (NBAGR).
Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT) has conducted extensive research on these animals, highlighting the disease-resistant properties of their milk and curd.
Currently, the population stands at approximately:
Binjharpuri cows: 1 lakh
Khariar cows: 65,000
Ghumusari cows: 20,000
Motu cows: 50,000
Chilika buffaloes: 30,000
Breeding and Artificial Insemination:
Since January 2021–22, 92,145 semen straws of Binjharpuri bulls have been produced, with 27,780 straws distributed to farmers.
Semen distribution for Ghumusari and Khariar bulls is lower, with only 8,090 Ghumusari and 8,705 Khariar semen straws distributed over four years.
Artificial insemination is being carried out in collaboration with the FSB Semen Bank in Cuttack.
Challenges and Way Forward:
Despite national recognition, no concrete plans exist yet for conserving Motu and Manda buffaloes, leading to a gradual decline in their populations.
Experts emphasize the need for strategic plans for breed expansion.
Farmers will also need premium prices for milk and buffalo products to ensure participation and incentives for conserving indigenous breeds.
This initiative aims to preserve Odisha’s precious livestock resources while promoting the use of indigenous cows and buffaloes in agriculture and dairy.
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